Political communications : essence, structure and modern tendencies of development

Abstract

Politics, like any sphere of human activity, initially contains a communication principle that manifests itself in concrete historical forms of interaction of various subjects of politics - individuals, social groups and institutions expressing their interests in establishing, functioning and changing power in society. Today, the role of political communication (PC) is considerably increasing, political information and communication space is expanding, the number of potential actors is growing, and globalization and the improvement of information technologies have a significant impact on these processes. In this article, the main components of political communication as an independent form of communication are presented, the essence of political communication at the present stage of the development of society, its general social and specific characteristics are considered. It is noted that the PC as a process and the space of political communication has a fairly clear structure, the perception of which is distorted because of many misunderstandings and formulations of the basic concepts being reference points in scientific research (for example, the Internet in various studies is designated as a channel, method or form, propaganda - as a form and method of implementation, etc.). In this regard, a model of the PC structure with the distribution of logical units by levels is proposed. Also, the author analyzes some trends in transformation of modern political communication, including virtualization of the space of political communication, uneven openness of the political process, the tendency of forming a logomachical society, information fatigue of recipients, depoliticization of the population.