BILLIER JEAN-CASSIEN

The article considers the development of interactions between European research and industrial structures aimed at creating and promoting innovation in the market, using as an example the French system for advancing the transfer of technology and knowledge between academic structures and business. The authors note that transfer of technology and knowledge is a crucial source of regional and global economic development, as well as a tool for shaping the sustainable development of science in many countries of the world. Technology transfer becomes a complex, iterative action, which leads to the need for creating organizations that have a panoramic vision and can play the role of an intermediary. The article describes the different kinds of intermediary structures created in France; they coexist at different levels and play their role in the search for the most effective mechanism of technology transfer in the modern social and political context. The authors discuss the principles of organization in the French system for transferring technology and knowledge, its distinctive features related to the choice of the number of registered patents, as well as the role of the state in stimulating the establishment of connections between scientists and the industry and the commercialization of academic research.

The article considers the policy for “poles of competitiveness” - a French method of implementing cluster strategies, which serves as an example of the interaction between science, education, and territorial entities to ensure sustainable development through the creation and launch of innovative products and training of in-demand personnel. The modern development of regions and territories in many countries is carried out through the use of cluster technologies. These technologies are based on the relationship of educational, research, and entrepreneurial resources. Cluster technologies serve to develop and implement innovative products and solutions in various fields of activity. These approaches are becoming the most popular in the implementation of state policy: regional, industrial, and technological systems are combined in cluster strategies to increase competitiveness, attractiveness, economic and technological indicators of territories and the nation as a whole. The central definition of the poles of competitiveness is “joint innovation projects”; implementation of these projects requires various participants to be involved. This approach should create an incentive for interaction at the local level and cooperation between the parties, increase the efficiency of all involved structures, develop the innovation sphere, and create new data in the related network.