Latysh Gleb Vadimovich

The study analyzes the main developments in the demographic landscape in the Far Eastern Federal District at the present stage. In a comparative study of the region's major demographic indicators, the author highlighted the impact of natural population decline caused by falling birth rates and rising mortality among the working-age population. The paper indicates the socioeconomic consequences of the current demographic situation in the Far Eastern Federal District. There has been a decline in the working-age population and a decrease in the proportion of young people. Meanwhile, we can see an increase in the number of people of retirement age. The region is facing a decline in its labor force, increased pressure on social infrastructure, and a reduction in its economic development potential. This could lead to social tension in the region. Migration processes in the Far Eastern Federal District remain a principal contributing factor to depopulation. The author suggests ways to develop measures to stabilize the population and improve the region's socio-economic situation. In addition to the measures already in place to support families with children and encourage birth rates, the study proposes measures for attracting qualified specialists and gives emphasis to the importance of infrastructure development, improved transport accessibility, and quality of life enhancement.

Russia is one of the most resource-rich countries in the world. Despite having an enormous potential for natural resources, several significant social issues might have an adverse effect on the development of key state institutions and particular sectors of the economy in the future. Development or influence of particular processes in the economy and social sphere is mainly conditioned by the political situation in the country. Today, various elements of regional and social policy are forced to adapt to the upcoming large-scale transformations provoked by instability in foreign policy. Given such conditions, the issue of support for the population is acute; in particular, activities of investment funds formed at the expense of natural rent (in most cases, it is related to hydrocarbons). This article examines the activities of the Norwegian Pension Fund (Global), which was formed based on natural resources, was active in investment activities worldwide and achieved excellent results both in the investment sphere (1.5% of world shares) and in the sphere of pension provision. The Fund's activities are influencing the work of companies in the environmental sector as they contribute to a softer transition to a low-carbon economy.