Гапоненко Александр

He increasing innovation activity is becoming a key factor in the development of competitive advantages of the regions in conditions of the economic crisis in our country, necessity to develop new areas of production, and introduction of new advanced processing technologies. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the key areas of increasing innovation activity in the regions. To achieve this goal the authors considered the essence of innovation activity, analyzed the experience of innovation activity support in Russia's regions. The result of this study is conclusion that regional development it based not only on technological and product innovations affecting the material side of production processes in the region, but also on the organizational, managerial, marketing and sometimes - social innovations affecting the intangible side of the same production processes. The important areas of innovation activity are the formation and operation of systems of receipt of the new ideas, the region development projects, support for community initiatives, and the use of crowdsourcing. The Regional Development Agencies play a key role in the implementation of these directions. They help regional authorities to train their specialists, develop and implement the strategy for the development of human and social capital of the region and are involved in the promotion of goods and services for local businesses. The results and conclusions of this article can be used in further research of opportunities of increasing the innovation activity in the regions.

The article is devoted to the impact of explicit and tacit knowledge on the efficiency of the modern enterprise, the characteristics of tacit knowledge in modern management, the ways of managing them. It is proved that implicit knowledge in management began to play a more significant role, it has increasingly become a source of competitive advantage. The authors analyze the peculiarities of knowledge management, including implicit ones. The mechanisms of this control have not been studied sufficiently, though successful companies show them in practice.

The article is a review of the manual «Economy and management organization of a large city», prepared by the author’s team of specialists under the guidance of the Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, VicePresident of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences P.I. Burak. This theme becomes particularly significant in connection with everincreasing proportion of the urban population of the Earth. Big theoretical and practical experience of the authors of this manual allows to illustrate visually the main problems encountered in large cities of different countries, as well as to identify possible ways of their solution taking into account national specific character and socioeconomic development peculiarities.

In recent times, innovative products and technologies have ceased to play a key role in establishing a company's competitiveness, as these can be copied relatively quickly and inexpensively. Nowadays, one of the main sources of competitive advantages in an organization in ensuring its superiority, are innovations in management. This connection therefore raises the need in finding new methods and control technologies. Such innovations include the use of modern methods of teambuilding, SRM - stakeholders' relationship management-, talent management as well as various manifestations of crowdsourcing. SRM identifies the connection between the so-called interested parties, as well as contributing towards building with them long-term trusting relationships. Talent management comprises the activities in the field of personnel management aimed at involving employees in the innovation process, the formation of incentives and the development of their creativity. Particular attention is given to manifestations of employee's initiatives, creativity and passion, which in turn give rise to the courage, imagination and enthusiasm providing a continuous flow of innovations. Thus, the most valuable resource of an organization is having sustainable competitive advantages, by incubating and developing group tacit knowledge.

A free exchange of knowledge is a necessary prerequisite for innovational development of society. The widespread application of practical approaches and technologies of such an exchange - brainstorming, blamestorming, coaching, crowdsourcing - will allow to significantly accelerate the development of government institutions and civil society as well as economic agents.

В последнее время расширяется круг объектов менеджмента. Если в 50 - 60-е годы прошлого столетия под менеджментом понималось лишь управление людьми на производственных предприятиях, то теперь мы говорим и об университетском менеджменте, и о муниципальном менеджменте, и о многих других его видах.