Folomeykina Larisa

The article provides a territorial analysis for the use of natural resources in the Volga Federal District (VFD) by types of resource use. The authors ranked the regions of the Volga Federal District according to the indicators reflecting the region’s impact on the environment, investments, and expenditures on environmental protection. The article demonstrates that the regions leading in the impact indicators have the highest expenditures for nature protection, which suggests that these regions «recognize» the existing problems and the need to solve them, considering that these investments aimed at solving specific problems of natural resource management. Based on the specifics of economic activity and industry orientation of the regions, given the results of statistical analysis, ranking, application of the problem and systematic approaches, and GIS- technology, the study conducted a typology of the VFD regions and identified types of nature management. Such comprehensive studies of the process of regional nature management allow us to differentiate problems in the field of environmental protection and to understand the rational use of natural resources in the Volga Federal District and the directions of its organization, considering the territorial specifics.

In this article, the urban environment is considered as a system of certain conditions and environments, the regulationof which should be carried out within the framework of the executive authorities. The aim of the study is to identify the socio-economic foundations and opportunities for optimizing the quality of the urban environment on the example of Saransk, whosepopulation in 2018 amounted to 318.8 thousand people. The methods of sociological survey, interviews, typology, analysis ofgeoinformation systems and modeling are used in the work. The formalized assessment of the urban environment was carried outon the basis of a combination of systemic and environmental approaches. One of the residential areas of Saransk was chosen asa territorial unit, the components of the assessment were determined: natural and environmental, socio-economic, architecturaland planning conditions and the nature of public services.

The article covers issues of formation of the system of settlement and transport system of the Republic of Mordovia by types of transport. Modern status of these systems is considered, transportation problems are identified. The direction of the innovative model of regional development and solution of the tasks of improving transportation and settlement systems are stated.