Vol. 16 No. 4 (2014)

The issue of combating the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction as a threat to world security is given much attention in various fields of science and practice. However, today this problem is far from a final solution. Continued production of new chemicals, including new psychoactive substances, which in their chemical properties and their effects on humans can be attributed to long acting weapons of mass destruction (hereinafter - drug weapons) and used to undermine the military and economic potential. The article describes the security threat posed on the world community, which involves illicit trafficking of drug substances actively used as weapons of mass destruction in order to achieve aggressive geopolitical goals. It discloses the relationship concepts of «drug and prolonged doping substances», «drug trafficking» and «drug use» and specifies the implications of drug substances at the present stage in the Russian, Ukrainian and some other countries. It also examines the initiatives taken by the Federal Service for Drug Control, in the prevention of threats to the national security, and the safety posed on the world community in terms of such application of drug substances.

The article considers the issues of personnel corruption in the state and municipal government in the Russian Federation, defined by its major threats, sources and content, as well as factors of deterrence. The publication is based on data of sociological researches of scientists of RANEPA during the period 2003 - 2014. The author identifies the base of theoretical and applied studies on the issues of corruption in the sphere of state and municipal governance and presents the analysis of views on the issues of surveyed public servants. The article demonstrates the use of the sociological method in the study on the issues of corruption.

Defining the essence of the model is performed by means of a legal analysis of the forms of their manifestations (A.S. Bezrukov, Krasavchikov O.A.), the definition of the concept of «modeling» (A.V. Panin, V.K. Babaev, etc.), the allocation of simulation tasks (E.P. Sitkovsky etc.). The theoretical analysis and classification of functions legal models - interpretive, explanatory, predictive, criterial, programmable, transformative, epistemological (B.A. Glinski, B.S. Grjaznov, B.S. Dynin, E.P. Nikitin, V.D. Rudashevsky, A.F. Cherdantsev, V.M. Baranov) - allowed a functional separation of a «legal model» and «a legal paradigm» (V.V. Shakhanov, Huntington, A.S. Bezrukov) in order to determine the theoretical and methodological field data concepts.

This article analyzes the definition of a federal state in its most common interpretation in scientific and educational literature. The author offers his understanding of the time, conditions of occurrence and the essential characteristics of a federal state. Federalism according to the author, is part of the structured rule of law and separation of powers represented «vertically». The essence of a federative structure of a state is not in the union of regions and territories (resulting in a unitary state), but rather in creating a two-tier system of government - that of the federation and the other relating to the subjects of the federation.

This article analyzes the current constitutional and legal grounds ongoing at the present moment for the reorganization of the judicial system of the Russian Federation. Within the framework of this reorganization the is an expected assumption of a structural and functional association of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, while maintaining the lower courts of both jurisdictions. The author demonstrates that the implementation of such reorganization will thereafter organize the judicial system in full conformity with its constitutionally significant objectives as enshrined in the instruments of international humanitarian law in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation.

This article analyzes the implementation of legislation on the Russian Civil Service in the Russian Federation. The author examines in detail the most urgent issues of application of the rules of the Federal Law ascended July 27, 2004 № 74-FZ «On State Civil Service of the Russian Federation.» The evaluation of the system relating to the implementation of legislation on the Russian Civil Service in the regions marked the positive practices that have been developed and implemented in the regions through the action of the Federal program «Reform and Development of the civil service system». An analysis of the outstanding issues relating to the challenges of law enforcement, and in some cases lack of the necessary and precise regulations are ventilated.

The article analyzes the problems and outlines the prospects of the development of civil control in the state public service. It is based on the analysis of documents, studies of the state management systems, specifics in the practice of the civil control in the process of a functioning public service. It identifies and examines the main function and specificity of civil control and its practice in the public service and looks at the identified barriers that arise during implementation. The conclusion is that the development of this practice can lead to positive as well as negative consequences. It is noted that the barriers encountered during the implementation of civil control, highlighted on the one hand, a high level of closeness within the public service and on the other, a reluctance to participate in external counterparties, and in some cases, their unconstructive, pragmatic utilitarian approach to this activity. The originality of the author’s conception is that civilian control is seen simultaneously as a socio-cultural and socio-technological problem. In socio-cultural terms it represents the process of accumulating and using the social capital of the population, representing a complex of human resources, the groups that are being formed and reproduced in the process of interaction with contractors on the basis of coherence values and norms of technologically complex procedures for ensuring the participation of civil society in the regulation of the HR processes. The enumeration and proposed specific technological solutions should be of interest to government agencies and civil society institutes in the process of developing the practice of civil control.

The present article is devoted to a comprehensive research of the features of public (state / municipal) city management. The author gives a detailed description of the nature of the city and the essential characteristics of a major city, significant design aspects, organization and implementation of town public administration. The article highlights and provides some examples in describing uncertainty in the public administration of the city. The author’s detailed interpretation describes the main challenges of public management planning. In the presented article the author articulates the features of particular set of management tools for town public administration. The article is based on research methods of systems analysis, and comparative legal methods of synthesis_ Through the application of these methods there appears a revelation of distinctive city characteristics displaying the essential phenomena that are significantly important for the organization of public management. The author’s definition of «city», is described as a city of distinctive characteristics of these phenomena. According to the author’s definition, the city has - it’s natural as well as it’s technogenic and anthropogenic-cultural landscape and constructive order, characterized by the descriptive elements of regulatory, visual, social and other orders, systematically implemented and technogenically performed in a multi-level within a localized area, self-reproducing and self-sustaining itself relative to current and future expectancies concentrated within it’s vital activity of enhancing it’s inhabiting society.

The article examines the establishment of an international network structure, providing a disciplined recruiting, training and job placements for Russian Federation nationals of the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the organized movement of migrant workers who have received professional training and the overall cultural comprehension to immigration detention centers. Such training of migrants is an essential mechanism for adaptation and integration of migrants in the Russian society. A system of organized recruitment of labor migrants and bringing to employment of Russian nationals, is a key factor contributing to not only filling the shortage of labor resources and the maintenance of specified rates of economic development, but also of great importance as an adaptation mechanism and the inclusion of migrants in the Russian society. Under the current circumstances and carried out by state and municipal authorities traditional migration policy does not bring tangible results, and the adaptation of migrants is compellingly forced. The article discusses the mechanisms for implementing into practice the principles of organized recruitment and employment of foreign labor. In some regions of Russia we have already established business relations with relevant authorities in the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, which select or train personnel with the necessary qualifications and professions. Particular attention is given to the characterization of immigration training centers in the countries of origin of migrants and their incorporation into the international network structure to provide services in the areas of labor migration. Practical implementation of the progressive approach to labor migration stimulates an increase in the labor markets of CIS Member States the share of workers who have received training in integrated centers in the professional and general cultural areas allow them to easily adapt and integrate in State employment - within the Russian Federation. The author of this article emphasizes the need for radical modernization of the current existing procedure in the definition of requirements for foreign workers and upon this basis the formation of quotas by highlighting these activities at local government level. In addition, the development and implementation of a set of measures undertaken primarily at the regional level with necessary federal support programs will contribute to the successful and rapid adaptation visiting workers to the local socio-cultural environment, its traditions and customs.

This article discusses the mechanisms in the implementation of priority investment projects in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the near term. It analyzes the main large-scale investment development projects in the region and their role in the investment strategy of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

The article reveals the essence of the integrated approach for the implementation of social partnerships. It is presented by the concept of social partnerships in the broad and narrow sense. It highlights the characteristics of the subjects of social partnerships and, the main areas and mechanisms of their interaction in the development of human capital.

This article describes the new practice of urban development, called «designing collaboration». For example some of the architectural projects for the improvement of urban areas of the city of Vologda have designated and adopted the principles of interaction between residents, government officials, the business community, architects and designers. The author concludes that the significance of this approach as a step-up the level of trust between the government and society, thereby developing responsible citizens to conserve public property as well as promoting interest in the improvement of the cities by its residents.

This article considers the problems associated with the modern type system of political instability as a qualitative characteristic, characterized by intricate structures and subjected to rapid changes. It examines the notion of political risk corresponding with the phenomenon of political instability and analyzing its importance in the development of the political system, and displaying its ability into becoming a manifestation of lowering the system’s manageability. The problem of instability of a political system is one of the main dynamics in the study of political systems, especially in transforming societies. Studying the given problem highlights the important practical significance in the context of organizing of its activity for monitoring and forecasting services or information in postmodern societies, of which among these is the inclussion of the Russian Federation. The value of the services of monitoring and forecasting are considered not only in their ability to monitor the development of social processes and to develop forecasting scenarios for their future development, but also in the ability to develop forecasts and scenarios of risk of new types in the future. We are talking about the challenges of complex nature. The value of monitoring and forecasting services are considered in not only their ability to monitor the development of social processes and develop predictive scenarios of their future dynamics, but also in their ability to develop forecasts and scenarios of new types of risks in the future. We are talking about the challenges of complex characteristics.

The article considers the processes of the formation of myths and stereotypes in the information society, the assessment of their role and influence in state administration, where the author’s attention is focused on socio-communicative parameters that determine the quality of the interaction in the system “society-power” justifying the need in the development of new models and mechanisms for information management allowing to respond adequately to the challenges of the information age. In the information society, there is a transformation of the traditional forms of social interaction. Receiving information, transforming it, and generating new knowledge can not only provide unprecedented depth and practical effectiveness of information for all areas of life, but it can also become the basis of social forecasting and management. The myth provides the key towards “understanding” of things, forming the topography of the inner world, fastening together the practical (skills, abilities), interests and needs, as well as intuitiveness to the point of the material and spiritual experiences, setting out the stereotype of social behavior.

The category of identity discovers an interesting refractive index in modern political communication. In electoral scenarios of politicians interacting with voters there are cultural practice identifiers of “their” and of “alien”. In recent years however another identifier has became noticeable, that of the differentiation of society, which is suggested and ameliorated in the article denoting the conditional term of the “nobodies”. The significance of this in electoral communications in particular, is shown in the research in media texts of one of the most recent major election campaigns - the Moscow Mayoral election campaign. For the purposes of this study a number of identifiers in the specific communications policy of these candidates for the Mayoral position were chosen and in particular the several active campaign representations of government sponsored candidates and those of the main opposition campaigns in particular, those of Sergei Sobyanin, A. Navalny and N. Levicheva. The study showed that the technology of operation of the concepts of “their” and “alien” (as well as ways of testing the identifier of “nobodies”) may vary the politicocommunicative interaction with plenty of variants. The article has noted the cases of the use of the neutral concept namely that of “nobodies”. In a study of self-perception of Russians conducted by the nonprofit research service “Environment” relying on the grading of the affiliation of our countrymen to different types of identifiers, “of drawing people” and thereafter allocating them into a separate social groups the article evidences that in this category there are included respondents calling themselves “non-Russian”, “non-believers”, “lonely”, “suffering in health”, “childless”, “unemployed”, etc. - they are all of extremely low overall value in belonging or being categorized within all the proposed survey category designations, and it is difficult to relate themselves with virtually any mentioned social clusters.

Based on the analysis of the degree of influence of individual participants (“governing stakeholders”) the article illustrates the increasing role of national governments in the management of Internet infrastructure and identifies areas of their interaction with international intergovernmental and public business organizations and civil society. The role of international organizations in coordinating the establishment of technical standards and regulations affecting the operation and development of the Internet is also considered herein. The author examines and considers the increase in the Russian participation in the multilateral discussion of the problems as well as the prospects of the Russian proposal to build the foundations of an effective model of Internet governance. The article concludes with the necessity for the Russian Federation to develop a unified state network policy, and defines it as its main focus.

The First World War was not just the first global military catastrophe; it fundamentally changed the perception of the man himself on the field of battle. The initial euphoria was quickly replaced by a military sense of the nightmare and horror. The answer to such a sensation was the formation of an antiwar manifestation, which gave force not to the actions of politicians but the talent of masters of culture and art.

The article deals with the diplomatic service and the censoring of the famous Russian poet Fyodor Tyutchev (1803-1873), as well as his historiosophic and journalistic writings, the publication of which were supported by the Russian government. The diplomatic career of Tyutchev certainly shows that he was not born into the public service - where inefficiency and neglect of duty had developed and which were totally unacceptable in this field. His the diplomatic service in Western Europe, especially in Germany, attracted him for other reasons - Tyutchev in temperament and habits was extremely European and was rooted in the German culture. The successful rise and promotion of Tyutchevs’ career since the mid-1840s was related to his discovered talent at this time as a political publicist. At the same time and during his service, he displayed a wealth of knowledge, and a rare mind (and of which the exposition of these qualities were illustrated, probably not so much in the preparation of Tyutchevs’ dispatches - he himself wrote little by way of documents but by way of his oral interviews.) Historiosophicaly his ideas were expressed by way of political articles and poems. Tyutchevs’ historical philosophy fed ideas of the German idealist philosophy, especially that of Schelling’s. Schellingism had a nutritious source of natural philosophy in which Tyutchev in his - lyrics devoted to nature and man as its breakaway particle. The imperial historiosophy of Tyutchev had also been very deep and not officious in its character.

The article is devoted to the study which evolved in the XXI century and become a worldwide practice of using public-private partnerships in international development assistance policies and its consideration by way of example of one the world’s largest donor - the Federal Republic of Germany. It investigates the basic doctrinal documents of the German government, defining strategic approaches and forms of private sector involvement in the provision of aid to the poorest countries. Disseminates concrete examples of public-private partnerships as well as evaluating the nature of their impact on developing countries. The basic tools, dividends and risks of using publicprivate partnerships in the framework of the policy of international development assistance. Based on this analysis it concludes that Germany is focusing on the further expansion of the practice of public-private partnerships in government policy development assistance, partially explained by the desire of the Federal Republic of Germany to support the national business and bring it to new markets.

The Netherlands were considered the most tolerant and multicultural society in Europe for decades. As a former colonial empire the country took onboard migrants from its previous colonies in South-East Asia. It also received huge amounts of migrant workers according to bilateral hiring agreements with Turkey, Morocco and South European countries which where mostly dominated by an Islamic cultural foundation. At the turn of the century, Dutch society faced a new challenge when this migrant population within the country, refused to integrate into the host society and accept its common social and cultural values. Right-wing political sentiments and nationalist parties with xenophobic and anti-Islamic slogans became stronger. The Netherlands as one of the most liberal and prosperous countries attracted ever more “social tourists” from Asian and African countries. Subsequently, the native-born Dutchmen got tired from their own liberalism, mostly because of the rising social costs of immigration. The author analyzes how the Netherlands toughened its immigration laws at the beginning of the XXI century limiting access to its labour market and associated social benefits. There is also another aspect relating to measures taken by the state regarding the poor and suffering immigrants which have been receiving social support as from the beginning of the 1980s. At that time the Netherlands had aspired building a society as much tolerant and multicultural as possible. In contrast, nowadays Dutch society expects the migrants to take it upon themselves the responsibility for their successful integration. The authors analyze the effectiveness of the new Dutch naturalization rules and the “contracts for new immigrants” in the Netherlands.

The article is based on the analysis of scientific works devoted to the issues of the formation and development of educational law in Russia, historical and legal aspects of the construction of the education system since the days of ancient Rus’ to the present are examined as well as, the place of educational law in the system of legal disciplines, the formation and consolidation of the right to education in the system of fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals and citizens of the Russian Federation, it also identifies approaches to understanding the essence of the category of the right to education. The main factors - the catalysts of the right to education in Russia is examined. Consideration is made of the legal prerequisites and conditions for its implementation by all sections of the population in various historical periods.

This article analyzes the ideological components of Russian national policy in the early 1990s. Based on the work with program documents it highlights the parties and movements on the national and state structure of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the preservation and reformation of the Union State and the provisions for the Russianspeaking populations in the republics in 1991. It considers the attempts to address these ideological tenets after the conclusion of the Belovesh agreements, in particular, during the Sixth Congress of the People’s Deputies (6-21 April 1992). The study shows that political parties and movements that formed in Russia in 1990-1992, represented a wide ideological spectrum including among the various aspects of national policy within the boundaries of both the USSR and the Russian Federation. Despite the diversity of opinions it is possible to allocate some ideological consensus that existed in the socio-political life in 1991. First and foremost, no single organization had denied the presence of the historic ties between the peoples inhabiting the territory of the Soviet Union, which involved the integration of sovereign states in one form or another. Secondly, all the key roles were evident in the RSFSR processes taking place in the Soviet Union as the largest and most economically developed part of the Soviet Union as a country inhabited by many Russian people with the highest potential for integration and finally, as a state, assume any obligations so as to protect Russian interests abroad. Thirdly, by recognizing the need for democratization of political life as a whole, and the application of democratic principles (the self-determination of peoples, the development of the institute of national cultural autonomy, and the support and rehabilitation of minority and repressed peoples).

The article examines the political and military aspects of cooperation between Russia and Armenia. A dissemination of the results of bilateral cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia in the framework of the Commonwealth of Independent States and the Organization of the Collective Security Treaty is formulated, as well as the treaties concluded on the basis of bilateral meetings of Heads of State. Based on such analysis conclusions about the future prospects of the development of bilateral relations between Russia and Armenia are ventilated.