Vol. 26 No. 3 (2024)

The article examines personnel training in the public administration system, focusing on the domestic policy bloc. The article provides a detailed description of the competency matrix for the domestic policy specialists. The authors investigate the motivational and value spheres, identify personality types found in domestic policy specialists, and create personality profile for management employees. Given the complexity and significance of this field in public administration, the authors argue for creating a thorough approach to staff training for domestic political blocs. Considering the current and historical, geopolitical, and domestic political environment, it was determined that a suitable ecosystem for training members of the domestic political bloc needed to be created. Special consideration should be given to developing values and motivation among experts in this field during the creation and operation of such an ecosystem since their professionalism and morality are crucial for effective execution of state policies and tasks. The article analyzes the unique personal requirements relevant to specialists of the domestic political bloc and describes the methodology of their formation. The research presents the classification of individual characteristics and the system of extracurricular educational activities aimed at personal qualities corresponding to the actual personnel demand.

The article examines legal issues arising in the commercialization of big data technology. “Big data” combines digital and artificial intelligence information technologies that facilitate database processing. It is impossible to define a unified approach to the legal support in the commercialization of big data, which is already in use and involved in civil turnover, due to the lack of consensus regarding the meaning of “big data”. It is important to note that to commercialize the technology, big data must be recognized as a civil rights object. Therefore, it is recommended to distinguish the parts of big data technology that qualify as intellectual property objects from one another. The article outlines the primary categories of civil law agreements that permit the commercialization of big data technologies through transferring rights to their parts. When analyzing the various types of civil law contracts, we can find some questions about the qualification of a Software as a Service (SaaS) contract. Expanding the list of intellectual property objects to include a new object of related rights in the form of a data set is the only legislative innovation required to ensure big data technology’s participation in civil turnover and commercialization.

The article discusses certain peculiarities of Russian concession agreements’ legal regulation concerning information technology facilities and data processing centers. The legal status and regulation of information objects and data processing centers are approached differently due to their conceptual differences. Law enforcers faced several questions after the legislator extended that IT objects to the possibility of being the object of concession agreements and public-private partnership contracts. In particular, it is the choice between similar types of contractual structures mediating the turnover of these objects, issues of correlation of objects of different nature and legal regulation regimes within one contract, issues of national security when working with state information systems. The article investigates the reasons behind the legislator’s decision to include non-specific items like telecommunications in the legal domain of concessions and public-private partnership agreements. It also looks at the first practical application of the legal standards in this field (based on data on the conclusion of agreements). The author concludes that the Law on Concessions’ norms should be reconsidered. This could lead to either a complete removal of legal norms that compete with the laws governing public-private partnerships or a refusal to regulate certain objects that are not specific to concessions.

The article discusses the possibility of applying public procurement system instruments to support innovative development in the Russian Federation and examines the experience in foreign countries in this area. The author stresses the significance of fostering the atmosphere that encourages the advancement of science and technology, as well as the enhancement of infrastructure and fundamental scientific research. The research addresses the successful experiences of the European Union and the United States of America in this area. To assist small companies conducting scientific and technological research, the US government established the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. To support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in promoting innovation and developing new technologies, the European Union launched the Innovation Voucher Scheme. The conclusion suggests that the Russian Federation's introduction of foreign public procurement instruments can foster innovative development; nonetheless, comprehensive measures are required to boost innovative activity in the Russian economy.

The article aims to find answers to the questions about the relevance, practicality, and possibilities of centralizing the personnel functions of federal executive authorities. The results demonstrate that a variety of factors influencing the success of centralization must be considered, such as the potential for digitalization, the maturity of HR services, the significance of individual HR functions, and strategic priorities. Given the functions that have already been centralized in some way, the following are listed as priorities for the near future: performance and efficiency management, professional development, providing feedback on HR processes, and monitoring their effectiveness.

The article investigates the potential for creating the personnel training system for municipal management while considering the demands of the main requesters, including businesses, educational organizations, population, and regional and local governments. The main research methods included document analysis and focus groups, which were implemented at the Presidential Academy as part of the 2nd RANEPA Educational Forum at the end of 2023. The authors have pointed out problems that are impeding the creation of a personnel training program tailored for local government. For example, the system of higher education has a secondary focus on the municipal level - the majority of programs train specialists in public administration. Numerous factors contribute to this issue, including the regulator's lack of interest in it, young people's aspirations to migrate within the municipalities, and the increasing frequency of staff shortages at the territorial administration level. The authors conclude that there is a need to intensify the development of specialized training for the municipal level of government. Some examples include establishing a federal competence center, creating a professional standard for municipal employees, enhancing the teaching staff, and actively involving practitioners from local self-government bodies in career guidance work.

The article investigates strategic directions for using the potential of the mentoring institute in modern business management. In this context, the tasks of company management for employees are considered, as well as the tasks of organizational transformation and increasing the requirements for corporate culture. The application of I. Goffman’s theory of social action reveals the corresponding potential of mentoring in business management. Mentoring in business is based on a system of trusting relationships that creates a safe environment for communication while maintaining the necessary confidentiality about the company’s employees’ leadership and professional career tracks. The author stresses the value of coaching and mentoring to raise business management effectiveness in the current environment. Mentoring is widely known as a way of professional staff development, but it can also be seen as an important element of tacit knowledge transfer and organizational learning, with relatively low costs for companies. Mentoring programs contribute to the development of personal and organizational corporate communications and tend to expand beyond organizational boundaries. The article demonstrates how mentoring improves performance in a number of ways, including opening new avenues in markets and expanding the entrepreneurial ecosystem.

Current developments in domestic education point to a move from simple knowledge transfer toward the technology of “teaching to learn”. This calls for sufficient methodological support in lecture and seminar classes. A distance education system, a communication platform, and online survey forms are the three main components of the methodology that the article proposes. Its goals are to increase students’ motivation, develop their critical and creative thinking, and create a continuous educational process by integrating the best educational practices in the context of society’s increasing digitization. The authors suggest a tested algorithm for the efficient and practical implementation of the developed teaching methodology based on information and communication technologies. According to the article, this teaching concept provides the teachers with a much broader range of instruments for communicating educational material than traditional teaching techniques or individual Internet technologies, as well as the ability to actively involve students in the learning process. By combining strict accountability with open communication between students and teachers, this methodology will not only increase the effectiveness of the learning process but also improve the overall quality of education by increasing student engagement and opening up new possibilities within a given concept.

The emergence of business ecosystems has presented new challenges to companies and organizations globally, causing industry boundaries to blur and resulting in increased competition for customers and talented employees. CEOs are finding it increasingly necessary to modify the business models and strategies of their companies maintaining company’s influence over clients and employees by providing exceptional engagement experiences and personalized solutions. This alters the nature of competition in national and global markets. Employees must perform in uncertain environments, not only reproducing standard procedures but also launching change initiatives and demonstrating positive outcomes. This necessitates the simultaneous development of new hybrid skills, such as self- and customer focus, resilience and flexibility, teamwork and leadership, and digital and professional competencies. The possibility of lifelong learning provides the solution to this problem. The educational ecosystem represents the next stage of an organization’s employee development and learning processes rather than a revolutionary shift. Its tasks include fostering the expansion of the ecosystem’s business sector and bringing together the best practices in training and professional development from both inside and outside the company. This requires a new approach to company development based on flexibility, personalization, and partnerships.

The article provides detailed analysis of the political and socioeconomic dynamics that shape Russia’s potential for public administration growth. The author highlights the issue of partnerships between developed and developing countries. The study examines problems including migration, resource endowment, education, and the environmental crisis. The shift from a unipolar to a multipolar system, which dictates the complexity of international relations, is highlighted as a defining feature of the current geopolitical environment. The authors emphasize the causes of several problems and their connections to other factors. The article offers statistical information on the birth rate, drug crime, citizens’ income, education level, and illegal migration. The authors discuss academic issues in Russia as well as the Bologna system’s impact on educational quality. A few issues regarding the growth of Russia’s regional economy are taken into consideration. The definition of “terrorism” in its modern iterations is becoming less clear in light of ongoing armed conflicts. At the same time, some countries continue to use military force to compete for resources and gain influence in global politics. The article concludes that we cannot achieve a qualitative shift in social relations without concerted efforts and maintaining a balance of interests between governmental organizations, commercial structures, society, and the scientific community

The article discusses the transition to a closed-loop economy, also known as cyclical or circular, based on the principle of reusing resources. In a cyclical economy, wastes become raw materials for new production through a closed chain of production and consumption. The ever-increasing needs of humanity, along with limited resources, pose new challenges for government and business. Researchers believe that transition to «green» economy is a possible solution to the problem. Nevertheless, current supply chains, logistics, and resource consumption patterns do not meet the requirements of «green» economy. An intermediate solution is a closed-loop (or cyclic) version. The qualitative transition relies on technological solutions, many of which are still in development. The Russian Federation has also developed and approved an economic policy in this direction, specifically the «Closed-Loop Economy» federal project. Since the metallurgical industry in Russia produces a significant amount of waste compared to other industries, the authors propose to analyze the implementation instruments, future effects, and current realities with particular attention to this industry. After addressing the issue, we can create a structured approach to transitioning to circular economy and eventually to «green» economy.

In today's scientific world, it is crucial to study the life chances of contemporary youth and discuss the direct and indirect consequences of the realization (or non-realization) of available development opportunities. While a dynamically shifting economic situation and a complex geopolitical environment can both create barriers to reaching one's goals and conditions for self-realization, a much wider range of circumstances determine life chances as a ratio of opportunities to deprivations. Significant differences in life chances between various representative groups of Russian youth can worsen social inequality and negatively impact the efforts of social institutions that support youth development and foster their desire for social interaction. Due to a combination of reluctance and impossibility, young people may not realize these aspirations in the face of social tensions and uncertainty. One of the most unsettling reasons is the dissonance between declared and actual life chances - the gap between what people subjectively believe to be possible and what they can reasonably claim. According to the findings of the substantive analysis, a certain percentage of young people are pessimistic about the possibility of their professional and personal development, which could impede their growth, even in the face of extensive state support and many social support programs. Given this, it becomes apparent that there is a need to establish the explicit and latent reasons for this skepticism about one's human potential in further research.

The article examines Russia’s current demographic challenges, which present significant obstacles for the development of the state and society. The author analyses the most pressing problems of modern demography in Russia and the Far Eastern Federal District. The study looks at internal and external migration, high mortality, low birth rates, population aging, and unequal population distribution. The Far Eastern Federal District and the whole Russian Federation show negative trends of demographic population growth. The author examines the primary reasons behind these challenges and suggests possible solutions. The article demonstrates the anticipated values for the primary demographic indicators. It is noted that in order to successfully overcome the demographic crisis it is necessary to coordinate the activities on all levels of government to implement a unified state policy of national saving. It should be comprehensive and include demographic measures (to stimulate fertility), compensatory measures (to compensate for lost income at childbirth) and support measures aimed at combating poverty and improving the living standards of families. The author points out that one of the key factors in increasing the birth rate is the confidence of families in the future, which means the need to develop a predictable state policy on fatherhood, motherhood and childhood.

The article focuses on the issue of Russia’s population decline, caused by global geopolitical processes and fundamentally altered by the advancement of civilization. This includes changes to the composition of labor markets and employment due to the development of digital technologies and widespread robotization. The increasing rate of population decline in Russia not only limits its potential for development but also puts its integrity at risk. Politicians in the country are giving the issue top priority. However, the forecasts remain disappointing. The overall fertility rate is expected to increase from 1.371 in 2023 to just 1.663 by 2045, according to the Federal State Statistics Service. It is essential to make a significant transition to a thorough strategic analysis and the development of a new managerial paradigm in public administration that takes into account multi-level system competencies and maximum staff improvement. Such work is only possible if a centralized structure for strategic forecasting, planning, coordination, control, and adjustment of not only national economic activity branches but also overall socio-cultural dynamics is established.

The article centers on the increasing significance of public involvement in decision-making procedures concerning urban infrastructure development. The author's research is based on expert evaluations, data analysis from the Moscow Department of Transport and Road Infrastructure Development, and the findings of sociological surveys by the autonomous non-profit organization “Moscow Urban Forum” and the Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VCIOM). Correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant link between the number of public transportation initiatives and infrastructure development indicators. The author has created suggestions for enhancing the public expertise mechanisms in transportation projects. According to the study, the Moscow transportation system has undergone a multifaceted and intricate transformation within the period from 2010 to 2020. All of the transportation infrastructure's essential components have seen significant changes. The length of metro lines, the availability of public transportation systems, and the modernization of railway vehicles are just a few examples of how the Russian capital shows growth rates. This allows us to discuss how Moscow's transport system transformation strategy aligns with the best international practices. To maintain the favorable trend, the heads of the concerned departments should keep up with their efforts on clean fuel usage, electric vehicle development, and non-motorized mobility promotion.