Vol. 22 No. 6 (2020)

The authors of the article analyze the principles of citizens’ access to state civil service and the procedure for filling positions in civil service in foreign countries. The authors indicate some aspects of foreign experience that could be introduced into Russian practice. Additionally, the article examines the features of the legal regulation of the procedure for filling civil service positions in the Russian Federation and proposes the introduction of greater variability in the methods of formation of the state bodies’ personnel. The problems of cooperation between the civil service and other types of service, as well as during the transition from one state body to another, are noted. The article mentions that, as a rule, the personnel services of state bodies do not have special training and tools for holding competitions on filling state civil service positions, and this implies the fact that the competitions themselves are not always effective. In this regard, it is proposed to consider the issue of conducting a competitive selection of citizens for admission to the civil service through a centralized approach.

The article describes the invariant profile of the civil service personnel, as well as prospects for developing a motivational profile for the personnel of the Department of Education in the Ivanovo region considering the level of responsibility for making managerial decisions. The formation of highly professional and competent personnel is one of the most significant tasks for improvement in the field of public administration. This requires the introduction of new technologies that motivate civil servants to long-term activities focused on achieving particular results. A significant part of the personnel management system of a public authority is the system for motivating civil servants, which is influenced by many factors related to the civil service field. The author presents a classification of motivational types of civil servants, which was developed based on the concept of motivation management by Richie and Martin, and also outlines specific procedures for implementing the management of the motivational profile of civil service personnel in the Education Department of the Ivanovo region. It is noted that motivation management tools that combine monetary and non-monetary methods, as well as change the very structure of the motivational sphere, are acquiring special significance.

The article discusses the main documents defining state policy in the field of geodesy and cartography. It also evaluates the results of implementation and proposals on the prospects for their formation in modern conditions. Possible reasons for the poor implementation of the measures planned in the main documents and aimed at the development of the cartographic and geodetic activities, as well as the system for providing spatial data, are given. The authors analyze such concepts as «the field of geodesy and cartography» and «the sphere of cartographic and geodetic activity» as well as their differences. The article assesses the current world crisis and its impact on the priority tasks of state policy in the field of geodesy and cartography. The given study shows the relevance of the development of a state anti-crisis program for the work of the geodesy and cartography industries. In the conclusion, the authors identify the most necessary proposals for including them in this state program.

In the article the relevance of the topic of using and improving the methodological base in order to obtain in advance the necessary indicators on the deterioration of the situation in the regions and the corresponding adjustment of processes in response to changes in the socio-economic situation is noted. The basic indicators are specific indicators of small business turnover and investments in fixed assets, as well as the degree of depreciation of fixed assets. Trend analysis is carried out according to several parameters, which allow to identify average results on key national economic processes within selected time intervals and change of level of interregional differentiation. In order to increase the objectivity of the conclusions, the stability values of specific indicators in different monetary courses have been compared. The diagnostic tools used are based on econometric methods and are supported by graphical interpretation of the data. The possible directions of application of the developed methodology for assessing the stress resistance of socio-economic systems are determined.

The article is devoted to assessing the impact of the demographic structure of municipalities' population on labor productivity in the economic sphere of the Kaluga region. The concentration of population and economic activity in some municipalities of the region causes an imbalance in development across the region. In this context, the assessment of the impact of demographic structure and employment on the level of labor productivity in municipal economies becomes relevant. The assessment of these conditions makes it possible to substantiate the priorities of the region spatial development policy, which ensures a balance of equalization and stimulation. This study aims to analyze the influence of the structure of demography and employment on labor productivity. The methodological basis of the research was formed by the methods of a cluster and structural (“shift - share”) analysis. The analysis made it possible to identify groups of municipalities in the region with different demographic indicators and to provide an assessment of the impact of the structure of demography and employment on labor productivity within these groups. We can see that the growth of labor productivity in these groups of municipalities is specific. It can be assumed that the “central-peripheral” model of the region's development has both definite advantages and disadvantages. Peripheral territories are experiencing a deficit of human resources, and this requires finding a balance between stimulating and equalizing policies of the regions' development. This model can be improved through the specific policy of the region associated with increasing income for workers engaged in the public sector and diversifying the economy.

The article describes the approaches to the formation of the digital competence model, adopted as the basis for the G20 in 2016, and determine the place and role of qualification requirements for civil servants regarding information security. The paper argues for the need to develop a unified toolkit for assessing the level of preparedness of state civil servants in the field of information security.

The reflection of the key principles of metamodernism on Russian television has hardly been discussed in the Russian scientific literature so far. The article discusses the issue of changing the social and anthropological significance of these principles in modern society, their reflection in the media. The authors investigate the topic of the emergence of new information products and the definition of the role of television broadcasting, its transfer to a new media level, for example, to the level of network platforms. For the first time, the correlation of mass culture in other areas, for example, in literature, with trends that are decisive in the formation of the modern information context is shown. The increasing role of the proactive position of the viewer is emphasized, stressing the viewer’s transfer from the status of a simple observer to the mode of an actor in the media field. The work reflects the role of the immersiveness of the media environment, when in fact each viewer becomes at the same time its creator and is directly involved not only in the consumption of the context, but also in its production, taking into account personal interests and realizing their own creative possibilities. The study demonstrates the dynamic process of the formation of the key principles of metamodernism, identifies its key characteristics that affect the development of the modern Russian and international media environment.

The article examines the global consequences of the pandemic and worldwide trends in the context of the national security of the state. According to the analysis of macroeconomic indicators, reports of the International Labor Organization and the World Health Organization for 2020, the main problems faced by the world community during the spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 were identified. The virus hit the disadvantaged and vulnerable segments of the population most severely, leading to a sharp increase in unemployment, poverty, and death. Meanwhile, the prospects for increasing the level of national security in the near future remain uncertain. It is concluded that effective self-isolation measures taken in the early stages of the epidemic can lead to a faster economic recovery by curbing the spread of the virus. Preliminary lessons from the 2020 pandemic are the following: 1) the process of global economic recovery will directly depend on overcoming the health care crisis through sufficient changes in health care and social assistance system in different countries; 2) to build a better future, it is necessary to take into account digital and distance innovations based on the needs of people; 3) the world community is faced with a choice: saving people’s lives or saving their economic existence; 4) no single country can cope with global crises and pandemics alone, therefore, collective interstate mutual assistance is required, regardless of political differences and economic sanctions.

The article reveals the main ethical problem of balancing freedom and security, which has become particularly acute in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The author highlights some other significant issues facing both individual states and the entire world community: the problem of choosing “who to save first”, “save the economy or the people”, as well as several moral and ethical problems related to individual responsibility of each person for the life and safety of fellow citizens. The article provides an overview of the main scientific theories (“Freedom is good, but security is better” by T. Hobbes, correlation of freedom and security by Ch. Montesquieu, the categorical imperative in ethics of I. Kant, the utilitarianism of I. Bentham and J. S. Mill, and the “trolley problem” by P. R. Foot) concerning the ethical problems faced by humanity in the “epoch of coronavirus”. Special attention is paid to the views of modern foreign philosophers and sociologists (P. Singer, J. Everett) on global society’s comprehension of the “a new reality” that has emerged as a result of the global economic shutdown and the unprecedented introduction of mass isolation and quarantine measures. The author analyzes from the point of view of ethics the actions taken by governments in different countries to ensure the safety of citizens and the guaranteeing of the basic right to live at the peak of a pandemic. The article notes the ambiguous nature of these measures, which can have far-reaching consequences for society and humanity.

The article is devoted to the evolution of the formation of Central state bodies of Russia in the late XV - the first half of the XVI centuries. The core of the study is the problem of the origin of the first Central state bodies (Prikaz system) during the formation of a single centralized state. The authors consider the process of changing individual assignments and positions into state bodies working permanently. The authors show the interrelation between the original core of public administration and the new system and structure of state bodies formed at the beginning of the XVI century. The authors attempt to classify the early bodies of public administration (Prikaz) based on the scope and nature of competence, as well as the principles of their activities. The work reveals general and particular features of the development of the public administration apparatus in Russia with similar processes that took place in this period in Europe.

The article analyzes the main directions in the formation of the independent state of the Republic of Moldova. The work characterizes features of the state organization, the formation of the political system, the system of public administration and public service, the development of local self-government. The country has chosen European integration as its priority goal, that is why the development and modernization of the country are linked to the provisions of the Association Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Moldova. However, maintaining friendly relationship with Russia is also one of the most important priorities for the citizens of Moldova. Attention is paid to the issues of citizens’ trust in the authorities, which determines the progressive development of the country. As a conclusion, the authors are reflecting on the path that the Republic of M