BIKTIMIROV MARAT R.

The article examines the recent active public debate concerning the organization of expert activity in Russia. Along with terminological ambiguity in this area, there are significant issues related to the status of the expert, expert’s independence, and the general devaluation of expert opinion. The activity of expert councils formed under the executive authorities is subject to particular criticism both from the citizens and the state. At the same time, special attention is paid to the participation of the scientific community in the independent expertise of programs, projects, and decisions. In this connection, according to the results of the meeting of the Council on education and science, the list of instructions of the President of the Russian Federation provides for the introduction of amendments into the legislation concerning the concept “scientific (scientific-technical) expertise”. It is necessary to establish the criteria and mechanisms for this expertise, as well as the rules for monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of budgetary allocations for state support of scientific research and development.

Taking practical responsible decisions in the field of social and industrial management in the context of rapid development of digital technologies in the era of the knowledge economy is impossible without reliance on expertise. A kind of organization of activities for the production of ‘predictions’ is required, when not only an accurate assessment of the impact of certain factors and their possible interactions with each other is given, but also as a result of creative construction of scenarios for the development of processes and events, an understanding comes which factors need to be taken into account. At the same time, the expertise constantly faces criticism, calling the conclusions of experts arbitrary, unreliable and subjective. Often, expertise is confused with monitoring, evaluation, diagnosis, inspection or counseling. The authors of the article carried out a structural analysis of the content of the expertise processes in the project management vector in the digitalization era and came to the conclusion that the effectiveness of the expertise is significantly increased in case of clear regulation of this type of activity, providing the necessary status.

The level of innovative development of the country in the information age is largely determined by the institutional mechanisms based on knowledge and ensuring the effective implementation of market relations. The formation of such mechanisms is the most important task for public authorities and management. State policy should stimulate the emergence of new economic institutions, enhance the effectiveness of political structures, support social organizations and enhance the activities of science, education and culture. The generalization of world experience shows that under the conditions of globalization a competitive advantage is enjoyed by those who, on a par with scientific and technological successes, can use the most effective mechanisms of innovation activity and develop a system based on knowledge infrastructure. The development of knowledge industry, the active penetration of information technologies into all spheres of society's life offers colossal opportunities for humanity. However, at the same time, new problems appear and require solutions at the state level.