Vol. 19 No. 5 (2017)

The peculiarities of the organization of the state control (supervision) system are considered in the article, the actual problems of the regulation of the control and supervision functions are analyzed, including the effects of results of control and supervision procedures on the dynamics of the system development. The statistical data on the dynamics of the control and supervision activities is presented. The analysis allowed the author to identify a number of problems inherent in the practice of control in the Russian Federation. According to the data about the entrepreneurs' perception of control and supervision activities of the state it has been identified that not only the procedure and regulations of audits need to be improved, but also the fundamental removal of the administrative barriers related to procedures of inspections and their results. The lack of openness and transparency in the activities of the monitoring bodies and also the lack of information on existing regulatory requirements were exposed to the greatest criticism on the part of business. The mechanisms of improvement of control and supervisory activities are considered; both maintenance of legal rights of citizens in the system of state power and conceptual success of the strategy of state control depend on those mechanisms. It is noted that the regulatory authorities quickly rebuild its work with due account for the modern requirements and in order to ensure the effectiveness of this field of activity of the state

The author's concept of governing through cooperation of the Russian state and society is given in the article on the basis of the analysis of sociological studies related to the development of their mutual relations in the post-Soviet period. The theory of modernization of R. Inglhart and K. Veltsel is based on the main conclusions of the classical concepts of modernization by Karl Marx and M. Weber. True democracy depends on the degree of people's participation in governance. The emancipation of a society that is able to manage through cooperation with the state passes through certain stages of its modernization: socio-economic development leads to a systematic shift from traditional values to values of self-expression and creates conditions to form democratic institutions. Effective democracy is more likely to emerge in a society where more than 45% of population bears the values of self-expression. Naturally, when there is a physical threat to survival of people, the values of survival are of paramount importance, which leads to strengthening of the authoritarianism institution and then the issue of governance through cooperation between the state and society is not relevant, or this cooperation turns into a formal democracy, when there are “sham institutions”, civil and political rights, but the ruling elite ignores them and acts at its own discretion. Such a situation can provoke nonconventional forms of behavior for citizens. Both parties share the responsibility for the result of governing through cooperation equally.

An effective marketing strategy is needed for enhancing the competitive position of any territory in modern conditions of accelerating change and globalization processes. The essence of the marketing strategy of the territories is revealed, its main types are examined, as well as the conditions and means for their implementation. The marketing activity focuses on establishing a unique source of competitive advantages in order to expand the range of stakeholders involved in the development of the territory. Such source determines a set of specific marketing tools and ways of developing original models of territorial development. The marketing strategy of the territory, based on its provision of the necessary infrastructure for the functioning and development, requires the involvement of political, legal, financial, scientific and technical and other resources in improving market, socio-economic and other infrastructures. To do this it is necessary to hold press conferences, exhibitions, festivals, attract investment funds, new business structures and increase the flow of tourists, upgrade the infrastructure for travel, organize transport communication, develop the banking sector, improve the quality of service in various spheres, etc. A big number of working-age residents and low level of claims on income are preconditions for coming to the territory of new companies in need of unskilled labour force.

The purpose of the article is to consider the possibility of maintaining the stability of the work of the personnel of state administration bodies in conditions with a large component of uncertainty in the development of ordered and disordered information processes. The ways of identifying the personnel included in the behavioral risk group are substantiated on the basis of monitoring of the operative and retrospective presence of individuals available for analysis in information fields. It provides identification of vulnerabilities to targeted information attacks on key standards of behavior, ways of implementing formalized and unformalized information links. The vulnerability identification allows planning the configuration of interactive communication, used to exchange information in information networks, educational, cognitive, entertaining, etc. systems, establishing feedback and taking corrective measures for a particular person or groups. The identification of system-parametric interrelations is offered, including the amount of flows affecting information and perception of the person (personnel), the penetration of the level of unconscious imprinting ideological stereotypes and its use for identification and interpretation of the problems that may affect the functioning of public administration bodies. There appears an opportunity for maintaining a controlled set of behavioral trajectories of personnel in the context of increasing the observability of information and telecommunications networks providing employees with current information.

The current problems connected with professional development of the public civil servants of the Russian Federation are considered in the article and also, the directions of improvement of such development with application of modern opportunities of information and communication technologies are offered. Now the digital economy is represented by the following step of development of programs of information society that must also affect all interactions of public servants with the population and business within the tripartite communicative process. The state starts realizing the service strategy by the principle of ‘one window’ in the mode 24/7 allowing all categories of citizens to receive high-quality services irrespective of the geographical place of residence and time of the day, every day of the week. The solution to these problems is possible through the improvement of the Federal legislation and the increased use of information and communication technologies in the field of professional development of civil servants allowing to organize an individual training plan by creating a personal account of the student. This account will be available for him from his workplace, and in the future - in mobile form from any residence, regardless of time of the day or day of the week, 24/7. Expanded opportunities for passing of additional educational programs will allow to keep track of work intensity, stop points, to organize intermediate and total testing and also to present results compactly in a graphic form on ‘a show-window of data’ for more objective assessment of the achieved results and forming of ratings of trainees. All that is to promote increase in motivation of the public civil servants to continuous professional development, and, as a result, growth of level of their qualification. In order to maximize the implementation of such strategies it is necessary to determine the inner sources of growth and priorities of development of the state civil service. First of all it is necessary to pay attention to the main resource that must provide the economy growth and development of the social sphere - the highly-qualified personnel.

Recent studies of prohibitions and restrictions on public service, related to compliance with anti-corruption requirements, need to develop uniform methodological approaches to ensuring the work of units responsible for the prevention and combating corruption in the system of state and municipal management. The present topic is poorly understood in contemporary Russian literature, although the need to study the restrictions and prohibitions related to state civil service is obvious. First of all it is dictated by necessity of updating of the system of state and municipal administration in accordance with the new rational forms and methods of organizing of the public administration. Analysis of prohibitions and restrictions in the public administration system allows us to work out an acceptable algorithm for their implementation in order to minimize corruption manifestations in the system of state and municipal management. A special role in this issue is the study of the experience of implementing the system of prohibitions and restrictions imposed on civil servants in the current Russian legislation. The article is devoted to the problem of practical experience in the implementation of the requirements for prohibitions and restrictions related to public service. This experience is analyzed on the example of Novosibirsk region. A number of practical problems of building a new system for presenting of income statements, as well as carrying out inspections of these statements are revealed.

The complex tasks of the development of the Arctic are considered in this article, the main priorities of the social and industrial and economic development of the Komi Republic and the city of Vorkuta are reflected. The work assesses the need of forming a transport framework as the basis for territorial economic development. The author makes an analysis of the natural resource potential of Vorkuta and the Komi Republic, describes the mechanism of cluster development of the region's economy. In the conditions of modern development of the Arctic territories, there has been a definite transition from the strategy of «development» to the strategy of «service». This allows to concentrate the state resources around reproduction not only in relation to economic, but also to social resources. It is important to note that it is the infrastructural potential and the transport framework that will become the basis for the development of the Vorkuta support zone and the Arctic zone as a whole. In the long term, this will ensure the connection of transport corridors, in the zone of influence of which new mineral and raw materials centers, industrial processing centers can be created, which provide the expansion of the cargo base of the Arctic and the Northern Sea Route and the opportunity to enter the promising world markets. The Arctic industry branch comprising the production of building materials with increased energy consumption is of particular importance for the strategic development of the Vorkuta support zone. The article was prepared on the basis of the report made at the meeting of the Presidium of the State Commission for the Development of the Arctic on September 22, 2017.

The article examines the study of particularities of consumer sentiment and economic behavior of the inhabitants of the Komi Republic. The results of the sociological survey of the population of the Republic of Komi on the problems of the strategy of consumer behavior are presented. Economic evaluation of the prospects for regional economic development is given, the existing conditions for the social well-being of the population, and the perception by the households of the region of these economic conditions are analyzed. The detailed evaluation of consumer behavior strategies, the dynamics of consumer sentiment in the conditions of the economic crisis are given. The analysis revealed the long-term trends in the decline of consumer demand affecting behavior of the corporate sector of the regional economy, when consumer habits and standards of economic behavior change in the context of declining real incomes of the population, the middle class, who limits both consumption of everyday goods and large purchases. The corporate sector of the regional economy feels the impact of the crisis in the form of lower profits, reduction in the opportunities for investing in new projects. This occurs in the context of negative consequences of the economic crisis and growth of production costs.

The problem of choosing the type of legal entity for solving social and economic problems and security tasks facing the state continues to be one of the disputable issues in the Russian legal doctrine. One of the attempts to improve the situation was the adoption of the Federal law ‘On public-law companies in the Russian Federation', which proposed a new organizational and legal form of a legal entity. In accordance with it, a public law company is a unitary non-profit organization created by the Russian Federation, endowed with functions and powers of public legal nature and carrying out its activities in the interests of the state and society. A public law company can be established on the basis of the federal law or the decree of the President of the Russian Federation and acts on the basis of the decision to establish a public-law company and the statute approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. The statute reflects the purpose for which such company was created. The article assesses the effectiveness of the introduction of a new type of legal entity in the civil law of Russia without developing a common universal approach for solving this problem. Based on the division of the law into private and public, the attempt is made to comprehend the legal status of the public - law company in the system of legal entities in the Russian Federation. The analysis of Russian legislation in the article shows that public-law companies have much in common with state corporations. The author points out that the degree of concretization of general provisions on the system of management bodies, the issues of accounting and reporting organization, internal control and audit differs significantly for a public- law company and a state corporation.

In connection with the population growth, development of new technical means of extraction and processing of fish and other hydrobionts, the importance of this natural resource for society is steadily increasing. Thus, people face the need to address issues related to ensuring sustainable development and rational use of stocks of aquatic biological resources. The limited nature of natural resources and their importance for economic and social development dictate the need to address issues related to ensuring sustainable development and rational use of stocks of aquatic biological resources. The main task of the state is to create rational conditions for the exploitation of the right of using resources. Russia's territorial position provides access to vast marine reserves of aquatic biological resources, in addition to domestic freshwater facilities. Effective use of the right of exploiting renewable sources gives the state the opportunity to ensure stable revenues in the income items of the federal budget of the Russian Federation and the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Currently, the work on reviewing the collection rates is under way. Changes in current legislation are planned aimed at bringing the collection value in line with modern conditions, increasing budget revenues, creating the conditions necessary for supporting fishing companies burdened with social loads in remote areas.

The article analyzes statistical data describing demographic trends in part of dynamics of changes in the structure of the population of Moscow. The authors consider the peculiarities of forecasting of number and structure of the population of Moscow, related to urban development and migration processes. The difference between Moscow and other cities in the Russian Federation in the forecast of demographic trends is emphasized in the article. For the first time the prognosis of the structure and population of Moscow is made for the medium term (5 years) taking into account not only demographic, but also migration trends on the basis of retrospective analysis of demographic trends forecast for the previous 3 years. The article considers the effect of forecast changes in the structure of the population of Moscow on consumption of socially important services. The fertility decline is associated with socio economic factors and with a reduction in the number of women of reproductive age. The steady growth in the period under review is projected in the number of population under working age and of retirement age and the gradual reduction of Moscow's citizens of working age. The biggest risk for the economy is the predictable decline of nearly two hundred and fifty thousand in the number of Moscow residents of the most active working age. The number of children to be provided with schools will systematically increase, and the number of preschool general education institutions will, on the contrary, reach a peak in 2020 and then begin declining systematically. The results of the study can be used for forecasting the budget expenditure (both values and structures) in the state programs of the city of Moscow ‘Development of healthcare of the city of Moscow', ‘Development

The article presents the results of the questionnaire survey of the senior management specialists (chief physicians, general directors) in two regions of Russian Federation: the Altai Region and the Republic of Tatarstan. While conducting expert assessments, the urgency and difficulties of including public-private partnership in the health sector were noted. The indicator of peer review of its own level of knowledge and competencies in the field of public-private partnership and the feasibility of creating a national project base is significant in terms of development and improvement of the health system. Representatives of the healthcare sector of the Republic of Tatarstan and the Altai Region have shown that they have a certain set of skills in the implementation of public-private partnership projects. This fact determined the relevance of conducting a comparative analysis of the opinions of experts and the competencies of heads of budgetary medical organizations. Conducting an analysis of the views of leaders in other regions of the Russian Federation will help to form a more comprehensive picture of the existing strengths, shortcomings and prospects for the development of public-private partnership in healthcare. A significant part of innovative plans for the implementation of public-private partnership projects in the health sector are either not implemented or are ineffective. Such situation is a result of the insufficient level of theoretical and / or practical training of heads of medical institutions.

The article considers the importance and role of trade unions in protecting labor rights and workers' interests. The activity of the trade union movement should be an element of the social protection, contribute to the solution of issues of social justice, observance of the labor rights of the working population, the involvement of citizens to work with official employment. At present among wage workers there is a need for strengthening of the social protection, in particular, it is an issue of inadequacy of measures stipulated by the legislation to ensure protection of social and labor rights of citizens, shortcomings in the practical implementation of guarantees at the enterprise level. Alongside with that, the research indicates the weakness of the modern trade union movement, especially in private-owned enterprises. The number of employees participating in the discussion and decisionmaking regarding the functioning of the enterprise is reducing. The number of trade union organizations and, accordingly, the number of employees who have membership in them, has decreased noticeably.

The article is devoted to the study of the results of modern education and science reforms in Russia and France. The authors carry out a comparative analysis on a number of criteria: the overall quantitative characterization of the higher education systems of the two countries, the main goals and objectives enshrined in the regulatory framework of reforms, key mechanisms for implementing the declared reform priorities, and medium-term results over the past five years. The analysis allows to draw conclusions that in a number of directions the results of reforms in countries are very close. Thus, France and Russia show similar indicators in terms of quantitative characteristics: in two countries there is a comparable number of both universities and students, including foreign ones (France takes the third place in the world in number of foreign students, Russia - the fourth). Moreover, this indicator is one of the key criteria in the state programs for the development of education in Russia and in France. Unfortunately, Russia is still inferior to France in terms of qualitative indicators. The French system of higher education is now considered as one of the highest quality, which is confirmed by its consistently high position in international rankings. The «pain points» of Russian universities have been studied, the systematic work is being done with them, and the state sets rather ambitious goals for higher education in the first hundred world universities in global and subject ratings. Many aspects of the interaction of the state and universities in France, as well as the interim results of the reforms conducted there, are considered by the authors to be studied

The role of universities in terms of internationalization of education and growing demand for professionals who meet the requirements of the new digital and innovation economy is the key one. Educational institutions of higher education should meet both global development criteria and local goals depending on the needs of specific territories. In this regard, new forms of interaction between higher education institutions at the international level, university networks are emerging and developing. The article presents the results of research and systematization of available information on international university networks. 33 international networks of universities, including 13 associations, 12 networks, 8 consortiums selected according to the certain requirements were accumulated, reviewed and analyzed; those requirements comprise international character, functioning for at least 2 years, existence of cooperation agreements between the network structures, presence of more than 4 structures. To collect information the author used the data from the websites of international networks of universities, annual reports, articles, texts of agreements with partners and other data. The analysis of networks was carried out according to various criteria: the geographical and territorial distribution of network universities and various forms of networking, types of interaction between partner universities and the most popular projects being implemented, the specifics of implementing double diploma programs and network programs between partners. The conclusions about the effectiveness of university networks are presented. The existing problems and prospects of development are defined. Among the issues the author includes the existing system of managing network universities, as well as the willingness to provide resources to partners for the realization of common goals. One of the most important condition for implementing the network interaction is the availability of technological information and communication platform the presence

This publication is a review of the textbook by I.V. Ponkin “Theory of Public Administration” (Moscow, IGSU RANEPA, Buki Vedi 2017, 728 pp.). The reviewed textbook is declared to be intended for students in the areas of training “State and Municipal Administration” and ’’Jurisprudence” - “Legal Support for State and Municipal Administration” (qualification “Master”), as well as Master of Public Administration (MPA) programs. The textbook includes the foreword from the well-known jurist-administrator, Doctor of Law, Professor A.B. Zelentsov and consists of 3 parts and 21 chapters. Ponkin’s textbook contains the most detailed information and the deepest analytical research of all thematic fields and horizons of the general theory of Public (state and municipal) Administration, possessing powerful information and reference potential and leaving authors of almost all other such publications far behind. The textbook, which is well developed from the scientific point of view, is oriented for the real educational process, is well thought out in the educational-methodical matter. Despite some shortcomings, this textbook is a unique and valuable work, providing the significant advancement for teaching the theory of state and municipal administration compared with earlier works from other authors.

The article is devoted to the 40th anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution of the USSR (1977). The background of making of the main law is considered in the article, in particular, the aspect of the legal-political borrowings of various norms, names and institutions from the experience of foreign countries. It was found out by the study that the creators who took part in scrutinizing the constitutional project were informed enough about the practice of foreign countries that were not included in the international socialist bloc and were named at some periods as capitalist countries, Italy, Germany, USA, Great Britain among them, for instance. The authors of the Soviet Constitution project were eager to examine the practice of these states in different aspects, such as political culture, as well as the borrowing of separate legal institutions and state bodies. It demonstrates high qualification of soviet lawyers who worked in the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR - the highest state body of the country. The archive documents show that soviet citizens also paid attention to the experience of nonsocialist countries while writing letters to the Constitutional Commission. The question of projects of using such experience and its future was considered in the context of historical events in the USSR in the 1960-1970’s.

Choir is sometimes called the prototype of an ideal society. Choral singing has been known since ancient times. In religious and secular traditions, it has always played the role of uniting people. Russian choral tradition originates in Byzantine spiritual music. But very quickly Russia began to form its own choral culture, which was supported by all segments of society. Singing in the choir not only made it possible for a person to feel his/her unity with surrounding people and nature, but it also gave the new strength. That's why it was so often during the years of military trials that outstanding music works for the choir were born. They encouraged the fighters who were going to fight. The period of the Patriotic War of 1812 is associated with the creation of many well-known choral collectives. In 1941, at the Belorussian station Krasnoznamennaya Red Army Song and Dance ensemble of the USSR had first performed the “Svyashchennaya voyna” (“Sacred War”) - a song that became the anthem for the defense of the Motherland. But the choir also called for peace, choral singing became part of a prayer for peace. Choral singing commemorates the victims of terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Now choral singing is one of the directions for international cooperation. Since 2000, World Choral Games are held every two years. Songs of the Baltic countries are included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Choral singing helps a person to feel involved in the state interests. Their understanding is expressed in choral singing of national anthems, which has become a good tradition in modern Russia.

The analysis of the evolution of constitutional and legal regulation of the president's powers in the post-Soviet countries of Transcaucasia is presented in the article. The topic of presidency constitutional institutionalization in Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan is in the focus of this research. Legal solutions of that problem directly affect the effectiveness of the presidency, its ability to actively influence various aspects of social life and, along with the balance of its provisions with the other branches of government, their mutual ability to deter each other. This situation demands wide legal analysis and reflection, thorough understanding of different models of constitutional regulation of president's powers and determination of their tendencies development. In sum, the author concludes that the presidency plays a crucial role in the political and legal institutions of the republics of the Transcaucasia. In practice, the implementation of the presidential form of government in all these countries is declared as semi - presidential, while in fact, most of them have passed the super-presidentialism stage. The presidentalism formation in the nineties of the 20th century was characterized by common features - the Armenian, Georgian and Azerbaijan nations came through social trials and shocks. It was the strong president power that led to considerable stabilization of the society. There was multi - vector development of presidency in the noughties and the tenths of the 21st century. Nowadays in Georgia the presidentialism «is softening», in Armenia the government system is undergoing a dramatic transformation in conditions of strengthening the role of Parliament in the system of state power, while the presidential prerogatives in Azerbaijan, on the contrary, are increasing.